Research

Xinming Du
The study examined how intrahousehold transmission of COVID-19 is impacted by gender inequities.

Katie Martin, Daniel Kurowski, Phillip Given, Kevin Kennedy, Elianna Clayton
HCCI’s work shows submitted claims for most preventive services we examined, such as mammography and childhood immunizations exhibited significant declines in 2020 compared to 2019, particularly mid-March through mid-April. Even by June 2020 utilization of many preventive services appeared to be running below 2019 levels

Daniel Kurowski, Katie Martin, Anna Milewski, Angela Pupino, Niall Brennan
For the sample population, the disparity in infections among Black and Hispanic communities is significantly higher than most current assumptions. Additionally, patients presenting in an office or clinic setting who test positive are more likely to be younger and less likely to be older than 65.

Dustin D. French, Andrew Chin, and Pooja Kathail

Utilizing consumer data, mortality data, and medical claims data from the COVID-19 Research Database, French, Chin, and Kathail helped quantify the disproportionate impact that COVID-19 has across different racial and socioeconomic groups. For instance, the bottom quartile of income distribution (under $49,000 in annual income) have 30 percent of COVID cases and 46 percent of COVID deaths. Meanwhile, the top quartile (over $144,000 in annual income) had only 11 percent of COVID deaths.

Mohammad Akbarpour, Cody Cook, Aude Marzuoli, Simon Mongey, Abhishek Nagaraj, Matteo Saccarolak, Pietro Tebaldi, Shoshana Vasserman, and Hanbin Yang
Researchers from Harvard, Stanford, the University of Chicago, and Berkeley created a methodology for deciding which locations in a city to re-open and which to keep closed. The authors utilized a wide variety of data sources to build their models, including electronic medical records from the COVID-19 Research Database. After its completion, the model was then tested across three different cities: Chicago, Sacramento, and New York.

Faraz S. Ahmad, Iben M. Ricket, Bradley G. Hammill, Lisa Eskenazi, Holly R. Robertson, Lesley H. Curtis, Cecilia D. Dobi, Saket Girotra, Kevin Haynes, Jorge R. Kizer, Sunil Kripalani, Mathew T. Roe, Christianne L. Roumie, Russ Waitman, W. Schuyler Jones, and Mark G. Weiner
This study outlines the recruitment process for the ADAPTABLE study (Aspirin Dosing: a Patient-Centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-Term Effectiveness), a pragmatic, randomized, open-label clinical trial that tested the optimal dose of aspirin for secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events. Investigators identified 650,000 potential eligible patients and recruited them at community sites, linking together data from the 40 sites in the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Network to understand eligibility. The study was ultimately able to successfully enroll 15,076 patients in a significantly lower-cost way than most trials.

John Hargraves and Daniel Kurowski
Using mortality data, the Health Care Cost Institute found that daily deaths in the United States were over 10 percent higher in 2020 than they had been in previous years. The data showed dramatic variations by geography. Since the end of March, New York daily death figures were double those from previous years. While New York deaths appeared to be declining by April, other states were on the rise.

Jordan B. Strom, Kamil F. Faridi, Neel M. Butala, Yuansong Zhao, Hector Tamez, Linda R. Valsdottir, J. Matthew Brennan, Changyu Shen, Jeffrey J. Popma, Dhruv S. Kazi, and Robert W. Yeh
The study attempted to see whether passively collected data could substitute for adjudicated outcomes to reproduce the magnitude and direction of treatment effect observed in cardiovascular clinical trials. By linking together a variety of data sets, including clinical trials and medicare inpatient claims, the researchers concluded that the clinical trial and the claims data produced magnitudinally and directionally consistent results for the primary endpoints, though less so for the secondary endpoints.

Abel N. Kho, Jingzhi Yu, Molly Scannell Bryan, Charon Gladfelter, Howard S. Gordon, Shaun Grannis, Margaret Madden, Eneida Mendonca, Vesna Mitrovic, Raj Shah, Umberto Tachinardi, and Bradley Taylor
In conjunction with the All of Us Research Program, the authors looked at Electronic Health Records to understand how fragmented patient data was across a variety of health provider organizations, using a Privacy-Preserving Record Linkage tool in participating sites to generate a unique set of keyed encrypted hashes. Of the 5,831,238 individuals, 458,680 patients had data at more than one institution. Patients with some care fragmentation were almost 10 times as likely to have conflicting or inconsistent demographic data.